HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF APPARENTLY HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN KADUNA STATE, NORTH WESTERN NIGERIA

D.D. Garba^1*,M. Aminu², J.B. Ameh², C.M.Z, Whong², Z. Sheyin³, J.M Banda⁴, and J.B. Bako⁵

¹School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria.

²Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

³Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

⁴Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaduna state University, Nigeria.

⁵Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital, Tudun-wada, Kaduna, Kaduna state, Nigeria.

Accepted October 25, 2016

This study has been designed and under taken to determine the reference values of some haematological parameters for healthy adult males and females in Kaduna state, Nigeria, and to compare these values with those obtained for other populations in both western and tropical countries. Samples were collected from General Hospital Kafanchan, Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital, Tudun Wada, Kaduna and Hajiya Gambo Sawaba Memorial Hospital, Zaria representing the southern, central and northern senatorial districts of the state respectively from December, 2013 to December, 2014. The mean values for our male participants were: haemoglobin (HB) concentration; 13.34g/dl, red blood cells (RBC) count; 4.57 x10¹²/l, haematocrit (PCV) ratio; 41.53 %, white blood cells (WBC) count; 5.92 x10⁹/l, Platelets (PLT); 206.67 x10⁹/l, Lymphocytes (LYM); 41.91%, Neutrophils (NEUT); 49.59%, mean cell volume (MCV); 92.81 fl, mean cell haemoglobin (MCH); 29.83 pg and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC); 32.06. The mean values in the female participants were: haemoglobin (HB) concentration; 12.76g/dl, red blood cells (RBC) count; 4.00x10¹²/l, haematocrit (PCV) ratio; 38.15%, white blood cells (WBC) count; 6.16 x10⁹/l, Platelets (PLT); 213.02 x10⁹/l, Lymphocytes (LYM); 39.22%, Neutrophils (NEUT); 51.12%, mean cell volume (MCV); 99.78fl, mean cell haemoglobin (MCH); 33.72pg and mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC); 33.87g/dl. When compared to their corresponding western mean values, our participants had lower mean values of HB, RBC, PCV and WBC. However, higher mean values of MCV and MCH were recorded for our male and female participants respectively compared to the corresponding mean western values of 86.00fl and 29.50pg. The mean value of mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of our female participants was higher than the western value. However, the mean value of MCHC of our male participants was slightly lower than the western value. The mean values of PLT, LYM and NEUT of our participants irrespective of gender were within the normal ranges of their corresponding western values of 150-400 x10⁹/l, 22-44% and 40-70%. When compared with other African countries, the mean value of HB for our participants was the lowest while the PLT was the highest. However, these values are similar to means reported in Zaria northern part of the state and Kano, a neighboring state. Our male participants had significantly higher mean values of PCV (p=0.001) and RBC (p<0.001) but insignificantly higher values of HB (P=0.063), LYM (0.077) and NEUT (0.552). On the other hand, our female participants had significantly higher mean values of WBC (p= 0.001), PLT (p<0.001), MCV (P=0.031), MCH (p=0.001) and MCHC (p<0.001) but insignificantly higher values of WBC (P=0.337) and PLT (P=0.597). This study has established reference values of these haematological parameters in apparently healthy blood donors from different parts of Kaduna state. This will serve as an important tool in the interpretation of laboratory results for clinical management of patients as well as for research purposes.

Keywords: Haematological parameters, Apparently healthy, Blood donors, Senatorial district, Kaduna state, Nigeria.

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